In the Arctic, almost all ice-free land is grazed by wild or domesticated reindeer. Reindeer grazing affects the Arctic landscape by controlling what type of plants and what plant species that are there. For example, they can hold back the spread of trees and tall shrubs and in general graze down tall vegetation. They also affect nutrient cycling, ecosystem processes and how the vegetation and ecosystem responses to climate change. To better understand what future vegetation patterns and biodiversity might look like in the Arctic, it is therefore important to study the interaction between plants and herbivores.
Andrew Margolin is a marine carbon biogeochemist at Virginia Insitute of Marine Science and has blogged about the first week of Arctic Ocean 2018.
Forskaren och BBC-programledaren Helen Czerski bloggar om expeditionens första dagar på sin webbplats.
About a day and a half after beginning the journey, Oden reached the marginal ice zone, where ice begins to appear on the ocean surface. The first measurement station was here. This station will serve as a point of reference to compare with the findings near the pole.
This summer, the Arctic Ocean 2018 research expedition will study the Arctic system to better understand how it may change in the future. Researcher Helen Czerski writes about the aim of the expedition on board the icebreaker Oden.